MIL-HDBK-1025/5
2.2.1.1
Adequate surface drainage shall be provided which is capable
a)
of draining the waters resulting from a maximum probable rainfall without
eroding the perimeter land, and diverting any possible inflows from the
surrounding land or safely through the small craft harbor complex.
Where necessary, covered slips shall be provided to keep the
b)
craft dry above the waterline, and to shed snow, prevent hailstone damage, and
shield the craft from excessive exposure to sunlight.
In regions where snowfall is heavy, landside structures and
c)
slips shall be designed to carry a heavy snow load or to shed snow.
Wind
2.2.1.2
Determine the most severe wind condition that might occur at
a)
the site from historical meteorological records. Wind direction and its
effect on low speed maneuvering should also be evaluated.
Design floating slips to withstand the horizontal thrust of
b)
the berthed craft during the design wind condition.
Suitable anchorage for the slips shall be provided to prevent
c)
drifting of the berthed craft and the entire complex under wind stress.
Ice
2.2.1.3
As a precaution against sheet ice damage to boats, specify
a)
boat removal from the water in winter to dry storage or, after hoisting out of
their slips, leave them suspended above the water surface.
Ice damage to fixed and floating slips occurs in three ways:
b)
1) As sheet ice forms, it expands and tends to crush floats
and cut into piles.
2) If the water level rises after freezing has begun, the ice
sheet hugging the piles exerts an upward force tending to jack them up and
thereby reduce penetration into the soil. Repeated freezing and thawing may
eventually lift the piles completely out of the soil.
3) Most ice damage is usually caused by the impact of
drifting floes on structures as the ice melts in spring.
In areas where freezing does not produce a thick ice sheet,
c)
ice formation can be prevented near piles, floating slips, and boats by forced
convection currents.
Drive steel or metal-clad timber piles deep enough in certain
d)
foundation soils to develop higher withdrawal resistance so that the ice will
slide along the pile as it rises.
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