MIL-HDBK-1005/16
Page
5.4
Evaluating the Need for Oil/Water
Separators ...............................
67
5.5
Treatment Technology.. ...................
70
5.5.1
Gravity Separation. ......................
70
5.5.1.1
Conventional Gravity Separators. .........
71
5.5.1.2
Parallel Plate Separators. ...............
73
5.5.2
Air Flotation Separators.. ...............
74
5.5.3
Treatment of Emulsified Oil ..............
75
5.5.3.1
Destabilization. .........................
75
5.5.3.2
Chemical Processes.. .....................
75
5.5.3.3
Mechanical Impingement and Filtration
Processes. ...............................
77
5.5.4
Treatment of Dissolved Oil.. .............
77
5.6
Design of OWSs.. .........................
77
5.6.1
Wastewater Characterization.. ............
78
5.6.2
Site Considerations ......................
78
5.6.3
Establishing the Design Flow .............
78
5.6.4
Design Criteria for Conventional
Separators ...............................
79
5.6.5
Design Criteria for Parallel-Plate
Separators. ..............................
80
5.7
Oil/Sludge Removal and Disposal. .........
81
5.8
Guidance Documents.. .....................
81
6.1
General ..................................
83
6.1.1
Types of Small Flow Treatment Systems ....
83
6.1.2
Unique Characteristics of
Small Flow Treatment Systems .............
83
6.2
Package Plant Systems ....................
84
6.2.1
Types of Treatment Processes .............
84
6.2.2
Evaluation of Particular Packages ........
84
6.2.3
Performance Certification ................
84
6.2.4
Capacity Ranges ..........................
84
6.3
Septic Tank Systems ......................
89
6.3.1
Size .....................................
89
6.3.2
Detention Time ...........................
91
6.3.3
Effluent Disposal ........................
91
6.3.3.1
Subsurface Absorption ....................
91
6.3.3.2
Leaching Wells ...........................
92
6.3.3.3
Subsurface Sand Filters ..................
92
6.3.3.4
Percolation Tests ........................
94
REPRINTED WITHOUT CHANGE.
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