MIL-HDBK-1003/8A
Section 4:
SPECIFIC PIPING DESIGN FACTORS
4.1
Fluid Characteristic
4.1.1
Steam.
Refer to Keenan and Keyes, Thermodynamic Properties of
Steam.
4.1.2
Condensate. For the economics of returning condensate, use the
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers
(ASHRAE) 1985 Handbook - Fundamentals and ASHRAE 1987 Handbook - HVAC Systems
and Applications.
4.1.3
High Temperature Water (HTW), Medium Temperature Water (MTW), and
Low Temperature Hot Water (LTW). Use ASHRAE 1985 Handbook - Fundamentals and
ASHRAE 1987 Handbook - HVAC Systems and Applications.
4.1.4
Compressed Air. For data on compressed air, refer to DM-3.5,
Compressed Air and Vacuum Systems.
4.1.5
Natural Gas.
Refer to NFPA 54.
4.2
Distribution System Piping
4.2.1
Equivalent Lengths of Piping. To the straight lengths of pipe
along a pipeline route, add equivalent lengths for valves and fittings as
indicated in Table 7.
4.2.2
Sizing of Distribution Piping.
Size distribution piping as
follows:
4.2.2.1
Minimum Pipe Size. Use minimum of 2-inch (51 mm) pipe which
requires extra strong piping for direct buried piping with threaded end
connections sized for piping in shallow trench system with all joints welded.
Smaller pipe sizes and threaded joints are allowable in valve manholes.
4.2.2.2
Steam Piping. The project designer shall specify the design
temperatures and pressures. The approved systems are suitable for
temperatures to 450 degrees F (232 degrees C). If higher temperature systems
are required, review manufacturers' approved brochures to determine the
exceptions to the brochures to be made in the project specification relative
to pipe material, pipe expansion, and valve classification. Design
considerations are as follows:
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