MIL-HDBK-1011/2
APPENDIX A (continued)
CONTENTS
Section
1
PEOPLE AND COMFORT . . . . . . . .
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62
1.1
Comfort Criteria . . . . . . . . .
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62
1.2
The Effect of Air Movement . . . .
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62
1.3
Acceptable Comfort Zone . . . . . .
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62
1.3.1
Comfort, Humidity, and Condensation
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62
1.4
The Bioclimatic Chart . . . . . . .
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65
1.5
Variations in Clothing and Activity
Level
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65
Section
2
CLIMATE AND MICROCLIMATE . . . . .
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66
2.1
Climatic Elements Affecting Natural
Cooling
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66
2.2
Extrapolating Regional Weather Data
to
Specific Sites . . . . . . . . . .
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66
2.2.1
Humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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66
2.2.2
Solar Radiation . . . . . . . . . .
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66
2.2.3
Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . .
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67
2.2.4
Wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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67
2.2.4.1
Topography . . . . . . . . . . . .
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67
2.2.4.2
Vegetation . . . . . . . . . . . .
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68
2.2.4.3
Local Winds . . . . . . . . . . . .
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70
Section
3
PREDICTING AIRFLOW AROUND NEARBY BUILDINGS
AND OBSTRUCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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72
3.1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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72
3.2
Airflow Around a Single Simple Building . .
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72
3.2.1
Airflow Toward and Beyond the Wake . . . .
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72
3.2.3
Airflow Pressure Zones and Wakes . . . . .
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72
3.2.4
Wake Geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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74
3.3
Airflow Around Multiple Buildings . . . . .
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74
3.3.1
Downwash at the Foot of a Tall Building . .
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74
3.3.2
Corner Effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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74
3.3.3
Gap Effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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75
3.3.4
Pressure Connection Effect . . . . . . . .
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75
3.3.5
Channel Effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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75
3.3.6
Venturi Effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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76
3.3.7
Pyramid Effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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77
FIGURES
Figure
A-1
Bioclimatic Chart with Example Points . . . . . .
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63
A-2
Velocity Profiles of Wind Near a Ridge . . . . .
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67
A-3
Two Typical Windflow Patterns Near San Francisco
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67
A-4
Wind Velocity Profiles Near Trees . . . . . . . .
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68
A-5
Day Sea Breeze and Night Land Breeze . . . . . .
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69
A-6
Slope Winds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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70
A-7
Positive Pressure on Windward Face . . . . . . .
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71
A-8
Pressure Zones and Wake Cavity . . . . . . . . .
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72
A-9
Pressure Zones and Shapes of Wakes . . . . . . .
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72
A-10
Downwash at the Foot of a Tall Building . . . . .
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73
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