MIL-HDBK-1165
Potential
Average Flow Rate
Consumption Savings
Device
Gallons
Liters
Gallons
Liters
(Per Flush)
(Per Person/Per
Day)
Traditional Toilet
3.5-7
13-26.5
-
1.6
6
8-22
28-82
Ultra-low Flow
Toilet
Traditional Urinal
1.5-3
5.7-11.4
-
1
3.9
1.5-6
6.23
Ultra-low Flow
Urinal
Waterless Urinal
0
0
3-12
11-45
Toilet Displacement
Varies
2**
7.6
Device
Toilet Damming
Varies
4**
15
Device
(Per Minute)
(Per Person/Per
Day)
Traditional
3-8
11.4-30
-
Showerhead
Low Flow Showerhead
2.5
9.5
2-27
7.6-102
Showerhead
Varies
3.7**
14
Restrictor Device
Traditional Faucet
3-7
11.4-26.5
-
Low Flow Faucet
2.5
9.5
2-18
7.6-68
Faucet Aerator
0.5**
1.9
(Per Load)
(Per Person/Per
Day)
9-12
34-45
-
Traditional
Dishwasher
Low Flow Dishwasher
5-9
19-34
1.0**
3.9
Traditional Clothes
35-55
132-208
-
Washer
Low Flow Clothes
20-30
76-114
1.7**
6.4
Washer
Toilets:
Assume 4 flushes per day per person
Showerheads:
Assume 5 min/day shower per person
Faucets:
Assume 4 min/day running faucet per person
**
From Water Conservation", AWWA, 1987.
Figure 9
Potential Water Savings for Various Plumbing Fixtures
23
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