MIL-HDBK-1165
installing anti-scald valves will help to remedy this.
Alternatively, the plumbing itself could be replaced.
User satisfaction with a high-efficiency showerhead
depends on how the shower "feels". User satisfaction will
generally be low if the chosen heads do not provide adequate
wetting ability and perceived water pressure. Some field testing
may be needed before a final choice is made as to the exact brand
and model that will best suit your facility.
5.2.4
Faucets
5.2.4.1
Conventional and Water-Efficient. Conventional
bathroom (and kitchen) faucets use between 3 to 7 gpm (11.4 to
26.5 lpm). New faucets, designed to meet federal codes, use a
maximum of 2.5 gpm (9.5 lpm) at 80 psi (550 kPa), although most
bathroom types are being manufactured to use 1.5 gpm (5.7 lpm) or
less. Assuming high-efficiency faucets are left on for the same
amount of time as the conventional types, a savings of 2-18
gallons (7.6-68 liters) per person per day can be realized for
each high-efficiency faucet used.
5.2.4.2
Operation and Maintenance Procedures. The following
maintenance procedures can be applied to faucets:
a) Faucets should be periodically checked for leaks
and repaired as needed. Leaky faucets can waste enormous amounts
of water (tens of gallons in a single day).
b) For conventional faucets, water flow can be reduced
by adjusting the flow valves if applicable.
5.2.4.3
Retrofits. The following retrofit options may help
reduce the amount of water your conventional faucets use:
a) Aerators - a device that uses a screen to mix air
and water in the faucet head, giving the illusion that more
water is flowing through the faucet.
b) Restrictors - same as for showerheads, they are
washers with center holes that restrict the flow of the water
through the faucet.
5.2.4.4
Replacements. The new low-flow faucets come in a wide
variety of aesthetic styles, but essentially operate in one of
two ways: aeration or laminar flow. In laminar flow faucets, the
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